Tuesday, March 16, 2010

Hunan Yuelu Academy

The appearance of Hunan Yuelu academy in the Song Dynastyprovided independence from and transcendence over worldly affairs, which are necessary for education and research. Besides Yuelu Shuyuan,other well known shuyuan in the Song Dynasty included the Yingtianfu(Suiyang) Shuyuan , Shangqiu, HenanProvince and Shigu Shuyuan of Hengyang, Hunan Province, andthe Bailudong Shuyuan of East China's Jiangxi Province. These were the four most famous academies in the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127). These shuyuan were all hidden in famous mountains with beautiful scenery, away from the government-run institutions of higher learning in big cities. Yuelu Shuyuan, for example, was built on the Yuelu Mountain, which has long been famous for red maple leaves in autumn. The academy, circled in carved stonewalls, boasts well-designed architectures, red lotuses,graceful willows, and a number of inscriptions by scholars and calligraphers throughout the Chinese history.
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Graduates of Academy played important roles in the turbulent Chinese politics of that time. Among them were Zeng Guofan (1811-1872), a controversial politician and militant who was also an avid advocate of modernist reforms; Zuo Zongtang (1812-1885), one of the most important court officials in the late Qing Dynasty; Cai E (1882-1916), an army general who led the battles against the Northern Warlords; and Xie Juezhai (1883-1971), a veteran revolutionary.

Today Yuelu Shuyuan, now part of Hunan University, is an important base of humanity and social science studies in China. It unrolls postgraduates in the History of Chinese Ideology, History of Chinese Culture, History of Confucianism and Human Scholastic History. Where Zhu Xi and Zhang Shiused to discuss lixue has become a meeting place of leading modern scholarsfrom around the world. Lectures take place in the academy twice a month, from social science and literature to information technology, biochemistry, enterprise management and kungfu stories.

The United States-based EDAW Corporation saw C,hangsha as a successful and unique modern city, with its uniqueness lying in the fact that it is endowed with such natural beauties as rivers, islands and mountains. The city is divided into two parts by the Xiangjiang River, which is regarded as the mother river by the people of Hunan. Among the islands in the Xiangjiang River, the most famous is Orange Island. With a length of five kilometres and a width of 40 t0 140 metres, the island is one of the city'slandmarks .

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